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| Fiódor Dostoiévski (Moscow, 1821 - Saint Petersburg, 1881) |
"Meu mal é uma doença chamada consciência." (Fiódor Dostoiévski)
Fyodor Dostoevsky, escreveu - entre outros - "Crime e Castigo" e "Os Irmãos Karamazov" (este, seu último livro, descrito por Sigmund Freud, como o melhor de todos os romances que houvera lido).
Sobre
Fyodor Dostoyevsky (also spelled Dostoevsky) (Moscow, November 11, 1821 – Saint Petersburg, February 9, 1881) was a Russian writer of novels, short stories and essays. He is best known for his novels Crime and Punishment, The Idiot and The Brothers Karamazov.
Biografia
Fyodor Mikailovich Dostoevsky’s life was as dark and dramatic as the great novels he wrote. A short first novel, Poor Folk (1846) brought him instant success, but his writing career was cut short by his arrest for alleged subversion against Tsar Nicholas I in 1849. In prison he was given the “silent treatment” for eight months (guards even wore velvet soled boots) before he was led in front a firing squad. Dressed in a death shroud, he faced an open grave and awaited execution, when suddenly, an order arrived commuting his sentence. He then spent four years at hard labor in a Siberian prison, where he began to suffer from epilepsy, and he returned to St. Petersburg only a full ten years after he had left in chains.
His prison experiences coupled with his conversion to a profoundly religious philosophy formed the basis for his great novels. But it was his fortuitous marriage to Anna Snitkina, following a period of utter destitution brought about by his compulsive gambling, that gave Dostoevsky the emotional stability to complete Crime and Punishment (1866), The Idiot (1868-69), The Possessed (1871-72), and The Brothers Karamazov (1879-80). When Dostoevsky died in 1881, he left a legacy of masterworks that influenced the great thinkers and writers of the Western world and immortalized him as a giant among writers of world literature.
Dostoyevsky's literary works explore human psychology in the troubled political, social and spiritual context of 19th-century Russian society. With the embittered voice of the anonymous "underground man", Dostoyevsky wrote Notes from Underground (1864), which has been called the "best overture for existentialism ever written" by Walter Kaufmann. He is often acknowledged by critics as one of the greatest and most prominent psychologists in world literature.
Veja os links:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyodor_Dostoyevsky
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Ru-Dostoevsky.ogg
Works
Fiction: Dostoyevsky's works of fiction includes 2 translations, 15 novels and novellas, and 17 short stories. Many of his longer novels were first published in serialized form in literary magazines and journals (see the individual articles). The years given below indicate the year in which the novel's final part or first complete book edition was published. in English many of his novels and stories are known by several titles.
Novels and novellas
• Poor Folk (Бедные люди [Bednye lyudi], 1846)
• The Double: A Petersburg Poem (Двойник: Петербургская поэма [Dvoynik: Peterburgskaya poema], 1846)
• Netochka Nezvanova (Неточка Незванова [Netochka Nezvanova], 1849)
• Uncle's Dream (Дядюшкин сон [Dyadyushkin son], 1859)
• The Village of Stepanchikovo (Село Степанчиково и его обитатели [Selo Stepanchikovo i ego obitateli], 1859)
• Humiliated and Insulted (Униженные и оскорбленные [Unizhennye i oskorblennye], 1861)
• The House of the Dead (Записки из мертвого дома [Zapiski iz mertvogo doma], 1862)
• Notes from Underground (Записки из подполья [Zapiski iz podpolya], 1864)
• Crime and Punishment (Преступление и наказание [Prestuplenie i nakazanie], 1866)
• The Gambler (Игрок [Igrok], 1867)
• The Idiot (Идиот [Idiot], 1869)
• The Eternal Husband (Вечный муж [Vechnyj muzh], 1870)
• Demons (Бесы [Besy], 1872)
• The Adolescent (Подросток [Podrostok], also published as A Raw Youth, 1875)
• The Brothers Karamazov (Братья Карамазовы [Brat'ya Karamazovy], 1880)
Short stories
• "Mr. Prokharchin" ("Господин Прохарчин" ["Gospodin Prokharchin"], 1846)
• "Novel in Nine Letters" ("Роман в девяти письмах" ["Roman v devyati pis'mah"], 1847)
• "The Landlady" ("Хозяйка" ["Hozyajka"], 1847)
• "The Jealous Husband" ("Чужая жена и муж под кроватью" ["Chuzhaya zhena i muzh pod krovat'yu"], 1848)
• "A Weak Heart" ("Слабое сердце" ["Slaboe serdze"], 1848)
• "Polzunkov" ("Ползунков" ["Polzunkov"], 1848)
• "The Honest Thief" ("Честный вор" ["Chestnyj vor"], 1848)
• "The Christmas Tree and a Wedding" ("Елка и свадьба" ["Elka i svad'ba"], 1848)
• "White Nights" ("Белые ночи" ["Belye nochi"], 1848)
• "A Little Hero" ("Маленький герой" ["Malen'kij geroj"], 1849)
• "A Nasty Anecdote" ("Скверный анекдот" ["Skvernyj anekdot"], 1862)
• "The Crocodile" ("Крокодил" ["Krokodil"], 1865)
• "Bobok" ("Бобок" ["Bobok"], 1873)
• "The Heavenly Christmas Tree" ("Мальчик у Христа на ёлке" ["Mal'chik u Hrista na elke"], 1876)
• "The Meek One" ("Кроткая" ["Krotkaja"], 1876)
• "The Peasant Marey" ("Мужик Марей" ["Muzhik Marej"], 1876)
• "The Dream of a Ridiculous Man" ("Сон смешного человека" ["Son smeshnogo cheloveka"], 1877)
Non-fiction
• A Writer's Diary, collected essays
• Winter Notes on Summer Impressions (1863)
• A Writer's Diary (Дневник писателя [Dnevnik pisatelya], 1873–1881)
• Letters (collected in English translations in five volumes of Complete Letters)
Translated books
• Eugénie Grandet, (Honore de Balzac) (1843)
• La dernière Aldini (George Sand) (1843)